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Table 3 Vertical height of the sphenoid ostium from the orbital floor

From: Is orbital floor a reliable and useful surgical landmark in endoscopic endonasal surgery?: a systematic review

Landmarks

Lee et al. [13] Mean (mm) ± SD

Lee [16] Mean (mm) ± SD

Height of maxillary sinus roof

33.45 ± 2.83

33.83 ± 3.40

Maxillary sinus roof to posterior ethmoid roof

14.08 ± 3.03

Not measured

Maxillary sinus roof to sphenoid ostium

2.76 ± 2.80

1.79 ± 3.09

Maxillary sinus roof to sphenoid roof

12.18 ± 3.20

12.02 ± 2.93

Maxillary sinus roof to sphenoid floor

5.94 ± 2.94

6.18 ± 2.88