Table 2 Studies included from search number two
From: Generic quality of life in persons with hearing loss: a systematic literature review
Authors | Type of study | Hearing loss and Distress OR anxiety OR depression | Sample size and gender | Age | Results | CCAT score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gopinath, B., et al. (2012) [62] | Survey | Distress | 811 (control group = 687) No data on gender | ≥ 55 years | Older patients with HL are significantly more likely to experience emotional distress directly due to their HL. | 31 |
Nachtegaal, J., et al. (2009) [61] | Cross- sectional | Distress, depression | 1511 No data on gender | 18–70 years. Divided into 5 age strata(18–29, 30–39,40–49, 50–59 and 60–70 years) | HL is negatively associated with higher distress, depression, somatization and lonliness in young and middle- aged groups. | 33 |
Tseng, C. C., et al. (2016) [58] | Longitudinal | Depression | 1717 (control group = 6868) 55% male | 39–63 years. Median = 51 years | Patients with suddensensorineural hearing loss (SSHNL) are 2.17 times more at risk for depressive disorders, compared to those without SSNHL. Especially in age groups ˂ 60 years. | 29 |
Li et al. (2014) | Survey | Depression | 18,318 Male = 48% | Adults 18 years or older. | HL is significantly associated with depression, particulary in women and those younger than 70 years. | 25 |
18–44 years: 49.4% | ||||||
45–69 years: 39.1% | ||||||
≥ 70years: 11.5% | ||||||
Kramer, S. E., et al. (2002) [63] | Longitudinal (part of the LASA- study) | Depression and other chronic diseases | 1506 (in the LASA- study) | 55–85 years | Elderly with HL report significantly more depressive symptoms, in addition to negative association to other psychosocial variables. | 20 |
Cetin,B., et al. (2010) [60] | Prospective | Depression and anxiety | 90 (contol group = 90). All participants were male, military personel | 21–30 years Mean age = 21.72 years | Higher level of depression and anxiety in the patient group, compared to the control group in the study. The duration of the HL was positevely correlated with anxiety and depression. | 20 |
Carlsson, P.-I., et al. (2015) [24] | Retrospective | Depression and anxiety | 1247 mean age = 67 years. Male = 51% | 19–101 years, mean age 68 years | This study indicate greater levels of anxiety and depression among patients with severe or profound HL, than in the general population. | 32 |