Tinnitus- related distress: evidence from fMRI of an emotional stroop task

Table 1 Description of the groups and characterizing variables

	HDT		LDT		HC		HDT vs. LDT	HDT vs. HC	LDT vs. HC
	(n=16; 13♂)		(n=16; 13♂)		(n=16; 13♂)		df=30	df=30	df= 30
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	t (p)	t (p)	t (p)
Age	53.38	12.33	52.88	12.14	52.38	9.42	0.12 (0.9088)	0.26 (0.7984)	0.13 (0.8973)
HADS A	8.31	3.42	4.06	3.07	2.75	2.29	3.70 (0.0009)	5.40 (0.0000)	1.37 (0.1805)
HADS D	6.75	3.44	3.38	3.72	2.56	2.58	2.67 (0.0123)	3.90 (0.0005)	0.72 (0.4786)
VT	20.0	5.37	24.38	4.11	21.94	4.20	- 2.59 (0.0147)	- 1.14 (0.2646)	1.66 (0.1077)
GÜF	13.19	8.16	6.06	5.63	2.56	2.22	2.88 (0.0074)	5.03 (0.0000)	2.31 (0.0277)
Hearing Loss	22.23	6.77	23.28	10.41	19.31	9.09	- 0.34 (0.7365)	1.03 (0.3120)	−0.34 (0.7365)
TQ^a	40.0	6.69	15.0	6.28			10.89 (0.0000)
Loudness	39.75	20.99	49.94	20.77			- 1.38 (0.1778)

♂ male, df degrees of freedom, GÜF Geräuschüberempfindlichkeitsfragebogen (Questionnaire on Hypersensitivity to Sound), HADS Hospital Anxiety (A) and Depression (D) Scale, HC healthy controls, HDT highly distressed tinnitus patients, LDT low distressed tinnitus patients, Loudness maximum (in case of bilateral tinnitus) loudness of the tinnitus in dB HL as measured via matching of the tinnitus to a similar sound, t t- value, TQ Tinnitus Questionnaire, VT vocabulary test
All t-tests were two-sided
^aDue to missing data on the day of the MRI- scan, the missing TQ- score of 4 participants (1 HDT, 3 LDT) was replaced with the TQ- score from the TQ, that had been filled in after the telephone screening

ISSN: 1472-6815