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Table 4 The level of anxiety, depression, and disability in both genders with different health conditions

From: Gender differences in patients with dizziness and unsteadiness regarding self-perceived disability, anxiety, depression, and its associations

   

N (%)

HADS-A Median (IQR)

Statistic

HADS-D Median (IQR)

Statistic

 

Disability

mild

34 (27.4)

4.5 (5.0)

p1 = 0.025

2.0 (2.5)

p1 = 0.001

F (124)

 

moderate

59 (47.5)

6.0 (6.0)

 

4.0 (5.0)

 
  

severe

31 (25.0)

7.0 (6.0)

 

6.0 (3.0)

 
  

mild

22 (28.2)

3.0 (4.5)

p1 = 0.007

1.0 (6.0)

p1 = 0.000

M (76)

 

moderate

41 (52.6)

6.0 (5.0)

 

4.0 (5.0)

 
  

severe

15 (19.2)

12.0 (11.0)

 

12.0 (9.0)

 
    

DHI-G

Mean (SD)

   

F (124)

Abnormal

anxiety

yes

18 (14.5)

60.1 (22.0)

p2 = 0.002

  
  

no

106 (85.5)

43.4 (20.8)

   

M (76)

 

yes

18 (23.7)

63.6 (20.6)

p2 = 0.000

  
  

no

58 (76.3)

36.0 (20.2)

   
    

DHI-G

Mean (SD)

   

F (124)

Abnormal

depression

yes

19 (15.3)

66.5 (16.0)

p2 = 0.000

  
  

no

105 (84.7)

42.1 (20.6)

   

M (76)

 

yes

22 (28.9)

65.7 (16.2)

p2 = 0.000

  
  

no

54 (71.0)

33.1 (18.7)

   
  1. 1 = Kruskal-Wallis test
  2. 2 = Student t-test
  3. DHI-G indicates Dizziness Handicap Inventory - German version (Score: 0 - 100), F female, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS-A anxiety subscale (Score: 0 - 21), HADS-D depression subscale of the HADS (Score: 0 - 21), IQR interquartil range, M male, SD standard deviation
  4. An adjustment of the significance value was calculated: alpha/n; n = number of comparisons; alpha = 0.05: corrected significance level: 0.05/8 = 0.00626.