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Table 2 Frequencies of female and male participants in subgroups of disability, anxiety and depression

From: Gender differences in patients with dizziness and unsteadiness regarding self-perceived disability, anxiety, depression, and its associations

Variables

Categories

Female (n = 124) (n [%])

Male (n = 76) (n [%])

Chi-square statistics

Severe disabilitya

present

31 (25.0)

15 (19.2)

x 2 (1) = 0.467;

 

not present

93 (74.9)

63 (80.8)

p = 0.494

Abnormal anxietyb

present

18 (14.5)

18 (23.7)

x 2 (1) = 2.088;

 

not present

106 (85.5)

58 (76.3)

p = 0.148

Abnormal depressionc

present

19 (15.3)

22 (28.9)

x 2 (1) = 4.541;

 

not present

105 (84.7)

54 (71.0)

p = 0.033

  1. a Subjects who rated their disability as mild or moderate were put together in the category 'severe disability not present
  2. b Anxiety was assessed with the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Subjects with scores of ≥ 11 points were found to have abnormal anxiety [40].
  3. c Depression was assessed with the depression subscale of the HADS. Subjects with scores ≥ 9 points in Chi-square statistic was calculated with the Mantel-Haenszel test. HADS-D were found to have abnormal depression [40].
  4. An adjustment of the significance value was calculated: alpha/n; n = number of comparisons; alpha = 0.05: corrected significance level: 0.05/3 = 0.017